Week 7 (cont): Grammar: Dependent Clauses: Adverbial, Adjectival, Nominal

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Dependent Clauses:  Adverbial, Adjectival, Nominal

 My scores:  Adberbial exercises: 8/10  9/10                      

Adjectival exercises: 8/10  9/10                                            

Nominal exercises: 8.5/10 8.5/10                                                  

Dependent clauses may work like adverbs, adjectives, or nouns in complex sentences.

1. Adverbial clauses

Like a single-word adverb, an adverbial clause describes a verb (in the sentence's main clause) and answers one of these questions

                           where?           why?           how?           when?            to what degree?

An adverbial clause begins with a subordinating conjunction, which makes the clause subordinate (dependent).
Common subordinating conjunctions:

after	in order (that)	unless
although	insofar as	until
as	in that	when
as far as	lest	whenever
as soon as	no matter how	where
as if	now that	wherever
as though	once	whether
because	provided (that)	while
before	since	why
even if	so that
even though	supposing (that)
how	than
if	that
inasmuch as	though
in case (that)	till

  Example of adverbial clause answering when?
       
      When will the flowers bloom?   Answer:  when spring arrives

   Example of adverbial clause answering why?
       
        Why didn't the poor woman have money?  Answer:  because she had lost her job

   Example of adverbial clause answering where?
       
       Where is there fire?   Answer:  where there is smoke

   Example of adverbial clause answering how?
       
        How did he answer the question?  Answer:  as if he knew the subject quite well

       Example of adverbial clause answering to what degree?
       
        To what degree of lateness will Jones arrive?  Answer:  (later) than Smith (will arrive)

    Another example of an adverbial clause answering to what degree?
       
       To what degree is he young?  Answer: (younger) than his brother (is)

Comma use with adverbial clauses

Comma use with adverbial clauses depends upon placement of the adverbial clause.
If the adverbial clause introduces the sentence, place a comma between it and the main clause.
       

If the adverbial clause follows the main clause in a sentence, do not place a comma 
between the two.
       

2.  Adjectival clauses

Like a single-word adjective, an adjectival clause describes a noun (in the sentence's main clause) and answers one of these questions

                                     which one?                   what kind?      

An adjectival clause usually begins with a relative pronoun, which makes the clause subordinate (dependent).
Common relative pronouns:
                  that         which         who        whom        whose
NOTE:  Use who, whom, and whose to describe people.
               Use that and which to describe things.
Adjectival clauses always follow the person, place, or thing they describe, usually immediately.

   Example of adjectival clause answering which one?
       
        Which book did Joe read?  Answer:  the one that I gave him

   Example of adjectival clause answering what kind?
       
        What kind of politician has the support of the people?  Answer:  one who is trustworthy

Adjectival clauses may also begin with selected subordinating conjunctions:
                when  - to describe a time
       

                where  - to describe a place     
       

               why - to describe a reason
       

Comma use with adjectival clauses

Comma use with adjectival clauses depends upon essentiality of the adjectival clause.
If the adjectival clause is essential (or "needed"), no commas should be used to separate it from the main clause.  
Generally, essential adjectival clauses should not begin with which.
    Examples
       
       
    Since the adjectival clauses in the above examples are needed to clarify the noun that they describe, they are essential and should not be separated from the rest of the sentence with commas.

If the adjectival clause is nonessential (or "not needed"), commas should separate it
from the main clause. 
 Nonessential adjectival clauses should not begin with that.
    Examples
       
       
    Since the adjectival clauses in the above examples are not needed to clarify the 
noun that they describe, they are nonessential and should be separated from the 
rest of the sentence with commas.
Note the difference between the sentences in each pair:
  
  

 

3.  Nominal Clauses

Like a noun, a nominal clause names a person, place, thing, or idea.  A nominal clause may function in a sentence as any of the following:
     subject                      subjective complement             appositive               object of preposition                  direct object             indirect object                             retained object


Nominal clauses may begin with interrogatives:
    who     whom   what    which     whoever      whomever     whatever     when    where     how   why
An  interrogative beginning a nominal clause, has a function within the nominal clause.
Each of the  following examples illustrates

•    a nominal clause
•    the function of the nominal clause within the sentence
•    the function of the interrogative within the nominal clause

   Nominal clause as subject in sentence 
       

   Nominal clause as subjective complement in sentence
       

   Nominal clause as object of preposition in sentence
       

   Nominal clause as direct object in sentence   
       

   Nominal clause as indirect object in sentence
       

   Nominal clause as retained object in sentence 
       

Nominal clauses may also begin with expletives:
         that        whether       if
An expletive beginning a nominal clause has no function within the nominal clause.
   Nominal clause beginning with expletive that
       

   Nominal clause beginning with expletive whether
       

   Nominal clause beginning with expletive if 
       

Adverbial Clauses - Exercise 1

Directions:  Locate the adverbial clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers.

1.  While you were gone, we cleaned the house.

    

2.  The judge dismissed the case because there was not enough evidence.

  

3.  Jones will speak after everyone has eaten.

  

4.  The family moved to the country when the company relocated.

  

5.  Although there is little we can do, we will try our best to help you.

  

6.  If the plant is watered regularly, it will grow to be five feet tall.

  

7.  Please decide upon a color so that the painter can put us into her schedule.

  

8.  Whenever it rains, Joe stays in bed and reads magazines.

  

9.  In that situation Meyers acted as if the sky had fallen.

  

10. At the sound of the bell, the horses will run unless you keep the reins tight.

Adverbial Clauses - Exercise 2

Directions:  Locate the adverbial clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers.

1.  He finished the project on solar eclipses before it was due.

  

2.  When the office staff learned about Jones's promotion, they threw her a party.

  

3.  After he graduates, Tom plans to visit several European countries.

  

4.  Mary would not reveal your secret unless you gave her permission.

  

5.  As he passed his old high school, Randy remembered the night of the senior prom.

  

6.  We bought the new television from Sammy's because the price was low there.

  

7.  She gazed at the Monet paintings while her friends shopped in the museum store.

  

8.  Although gambling can be fun, it can also be addictive.

  

9.  The lamp went on before I pushed the button.

  

10. The family has not seen the dog since the storm struck the community.

Adjectival Clauses - Exercise 1

Directions:  Locate the adjectival clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers.

1.  The skis that I bought yesterday were expensive.

  

2.  Margaret is the woman whom I mentioned on the telephone.

  

3.  In a daze, the student left the room where the exam had been given.

  

4.  Nixo gum, which is on sale this week at the supermarket, does wonders for bad breath.

  

5.  Anyone who sees anything suspicious should call the police immediately.

  

6.  Do you like the pink flamingos that I bought for you?

  

7.  The Pin Oak, which is a hardy tree, retains many of its brown leaves throughout the winter.

  

8.  The secretary could not find a time that was convenient for all of us.

  

9.  The man who is waving to us is Harry's uncle.

  

10.  The guide welcomed us to Monticello, which was the home of Thomas Jefferson.

  

Adjectival Clauses - Exercise 2

Directions:  Locate the adjectival clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers

1. The lamp that is sitting on my desk does not emit much light.

  

2.  People who live on 33rd Street have trouble finding parking spaces at night.

  

3.  "The Star Spangled Banner," which is the U.S.A.'s national anthem, was written by Francis Scott Key.

  

4.   We visited the house where Tom was raised.

  

5.  Martha, whose hobby is knitting, has made lots of scarves.

  

6.  That book that you recommended has a complicated plot.

  

7.  Ms. Brown always takes that train, which doesn't make many stops.

  

8. What did you d with the food that I left here?

  

9.  The prime minister, whom we recognized from the pictures on the internet, visited our city last July.

  

10. A person who is good with plants is said to have a "green thumb."

  

Nominal Clauses - Exercise 1

Directions:  Locate the nominal clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. Then identify the nominal clause's function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement, object of preposition, or appositive.

When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers.

1.  Jared thought that he had seen a ghost.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

  

2.  What you eat affects your weight.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

3.  The group was strongly persuaded by what you said.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

4.  The company will comply with whatever the board of directors decides.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

5.  A long vacation is what Smithers needs.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

6. Not surprisingly, the fact that you are here makes us very happy.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

7.  Whoever reaches the tape first will be declared winner.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

8.  It is not surprising that  the author has not written much lately.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

9.  The poor child did not know who would be picking him up from school.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

10. The truth is that I love you.

   nominal clause = 

   function = 

Nominal Clauses - Exercise 2 Directions:  Locate the nominal clause  in each sentence.   Type your answer into the box below the sentence. Then identify the nominal clause's function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement, object of preposition, or appositive. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to view the correct answers. 1.  He told us what we should do with the extra copies.       nominal clause =         function =  2.  Miriam had no belongings except what she carried in her suitcase.       nominal clause =         function =  3.  A good night's sleep is exactly what you need.       nominal clause =         function =  4.  Michael wrote that he would come to lunch the following day.       nominal clause =         function =  5.  What we have here is a failure to communicate.        nominal clause =         function =  6.  This idea, that knowledge makes people good, was a popular belief during the nineteenth century.       nominal clause =         function =  7.  People seem amused by whatever you say.       nominal clause =         function =  8.  My own opinion is that every able citizen should vote.       nominal clause =         function =  9.  She hated the fact that he left his clothes strewn across the floor.       nominal clause =         function =  10. No one has been told about how the matter will be resolved.      nominal clause =         function =

WEEK 7: Grammar: Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives

 Nouns, Verbs, and Adjectives 

Website: www.towson.edu/ows

 

(the marks : 9/10 10/10 10/15 11/15)

NOUNS

Traditional grammarians define a noun as "a person, place, thing, or idea."
                Child designates a person; therefore, child is a noun.
                Similarly, democracy designates an idea; therefore, democracy is a noun.
In addition, nouns can be identified by the presence of signal words such as the.

               

Word order can also provide clues about nouns.  For example, in the following sentence, it is clear that the part of speech that will fit into slot #1 and slot #2 must be nouns:

                               

Often, suffixes will suggest that a word is a noun.  For example, -tion,  -ness, -ment,  or -er  at the end of a word usually signify that the word is a noun, as in suggestion, happiness, involvement, and diner.

Nouns may be made plural, usually with the suffix -s or -es, as in books and foxes.

Nouns show ownership with the addition of an apostrophe and, sometimes, an additional -s, as in a book's pages, twenty students' essays.

Common nouns such as school, business, or person designate an entire class.

Proper nouns, on the other hand, designate a specific example of a class:  Towson University, Black and Decker Company, Joe.  Proper nouns are capitalized.

Nouns may be countable (1 fork, 2 forks, 3 forks, etc.) or non-countable (sugar, oil).

Nouns may signify concreteness (computer, fingernail) or abstractness (peace, friendship).

   

Functions of Nouns

Subject (S) - a noun or pronoun partnered with a predicate verb.

A subject

         1.  does an action with an action verb

                              

        2.  exists with a verb of being

                             

            3.  is renamed or described after a verb of being or a linking verb

                             

            4.  is acted upon with a passive verb

                               

    

Object of Preposition (OP) - a noun or pronoun answering "whom" or "what" after a preposition in a a prepositional phrase.

                           

       

Direct Object (DO) - a noun or pronoun answering "whom" or "what" after an action verb.  A direct object "receives" or is the "object" of the action.

                           

       

Retained Object (RO) - a noun or pronoun answering "whom" or "what" after a passive verb.

                           

       

Indirect Object (IO) - a noun or pronoun answering "to whom/what" or "for whom/what" after an action verb.

An indirect object

• always precedes a direct object
• never has the word “to” or “for” stated

               

  

Subjective Complement (SC) - a noun, pronoun, or adjective that renames or describes (equals) the subject after a verb of being or a linking verb.

                       

     

Objective Complement (OC) - a noun, pronoun, or adjective that renames or describes (equals) the direct object.

        Test for OC: insert "to be" between the DO and the OC

                                                 

        

Appositive (App) - a noun or pronoun that renames another noun; An appositive is usually placed next to the noun it renames..

                       

   Gourmet renames the noun Joe.  Therefore, gourmet is an appositive of Joe.

  When an appositive is not placed next to the noun it renames, the appositive is called a delayed appositive.

                   

    A delayed appositive may rename the word it in some sentence constructions.

                   

    In the above sentence, the appositive to meet you renames it.    It (to meet you) is a pleasure.

    In this sentence, pleasure is the subjective complement of it.

    Therefore, it = pleasure = to meet you.

VERBS

Verbs have traditionally been defined as words that show action or state of being.

           

            

Verbs can also sometimes be recognized by their position in a sentence.

In the following two sentence frames, only a verb can be put into the empty slot.

            NOUN __________                            THERE ________ NOUN

                            (verb)                                                        (verb) 

         

Often, prefixes and suffixes (affixes)  will signify that a word is a verb.  For example, the suffixes -ify, -ize, -ate, or -en usually signify that a word is a verb, as in typify, characterize, irrigate, and sweeten.  Prefixes such as be-, de-, or en-  may signify that a word is a verb, as in bestow, dethrone, and encourage.  

These affixes, often inconsistent from verb to verb, are called derivational affixes. Added to a word, they either change the word's part of speech

     Example: 

      

or change the word's meaning

     Example: 

The base form of a verb is derived from the verb’s infinitive:  to  +  verb

               

          

Four suffixes consistently added to a verb’s base create all forms of a verb used in all tenses:

1. -s          creates 3rd person singular / present tense  (He talks.)

2. -ing       creates the present participle / used with be  (He is talking.)

3. -ed        creates the simple past  (He talked.)

4. -en        creates the past participle / used with have  (He has talked.)

Note:

The -en verb ending used with a form of to have as an auxiliary is generally written -ed, as in has talked.

     

Unlike the derivational affixes, these inflectional suffixes are consistently used with all verbs, even though their form may look different from verb to verb.

Because many verbs in English are irregular; as result, their –ed and/or –en  endings may not follow any obvious pattern.

Examples:
(to write)	Smith writes short stories at home. (-s ending)
	Smith is writing short stories at home. (-ing ending)
	Smith wrote short stories at home. (-ed ending)
	Smith has written short stories at home. (-en ending)
	*
(to buy)	Jones buys a newspaper each day.  (-s ending)
	Jones is buying a newspaper today.  (-ing ending)
	Jones bought a newspaper yesterday. (-ed ending)
	Jones has bought newspapers every day.  (-en ending)
	*
(to go)	Students go to the library often. (-s ending)
	Students are going to the library often. (-ing ending)
	Students went to the library often. (-ed ending)
	Students have gone to the library often. (-en ending)

    

      

The majority of verbs are regular and consistently use -ed and -en to form their simple past tense and past participles. (e.g. talked, has talked)

    

Many verbs are irregular, however, and follow no consistent pattern in creating their -ed and/or -en forms.  A list of the major irregular verbs is shown below.

Present	Past (-ed form)	Past Participle (-en form)
arise	arose	arisen
ask	asked	asked
attack	attacked	attacked
awaken	awakened OR awoke	awakened
bear	bore	borne/born
begin	began	begun
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
bring	brought	brought
burst	burst	burst
choose	chose	chosen
cling	clung	clung
come	came	come
dive	dived OR dove	dived
do	did	done
drag	dragged	dragged
draw	drew	drawn
drink	drank	drunk
drive	drove	driven
drown	drowned	drowned
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
fly	flew	flown
forgive	forgave	forgiven
freeze	froze	frozen
get	got	got OR gotten
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
hang (things)	hung	hung
hang (people)	hanged	hanged
happen	happened	happened
know	knew	known
lay	laid	laid
lead	led	led
lie	lay	lain
loosen	loosened	loosened
lose	lost	lost
pay	paid	paid
ride	rode	ridden
ring	rang	rung
rise	rose	risen
run	ran	run
see	saw	seen
set	set	set
shake	shook	shaken
shrink	shrank OR shrunk	shrunk OR shrunken
sing	sang	sung
sink	sank OR sunk	sunk
sit	sat	sat
speak	spoke	spoken
spin	spun	spun
spit	spat	spat
spring	sprang OR sprung	sprung
steal	stole	stolen
sting	stung	stung
stink	stank OR stunk	stunk
strive	strove	striven
study	studied	studied
swear	swore	sworn
swim	swam	swum
swing	swung	swung
take	took	taken
tear	tore	torn
throw	threw	thrown
wake	woke OR waked	woken OR waked
wear	wore	worn
weave	wove	woven
wring	wrung	wrung
write	wrote	written

    

A verb phrase is defined as the main verb together with all its auxiliaries (helping verbs).

Auxiliary verbs always precede the main verb.

There are two types of auxiliary verbs:

1. Inflected auxiliary verbs: 

be

have

do

2. Modal auxiliaries (considered more fully under (auxiliary verbs)

present	past	no tense
will	would	must
shall	should
can	could
may	might

    

Examples of verb phrases:

He has taken the test.	(auxiliary has  +  main verb  take.)
He is taking the test.	(auxiliary is  +  main verb  take)
He did take the test.	(auxiliary do  +  main verb take)
He has been taking the test.	(auxiliaries has been + main verb take)

Verbs may be divided into three types:

A.     Action verbs - show an action -- either physical or mental

               

B.   Verbs of being (forms of be - is, are, was, were, has/have/had been, will be) - show a state of existence:

            

C.  **Linking verbs - link a subject with its complement 

            (A subjective complement "completes" / "equals" the subject.)

            Linking verbs:  appear, taste, smell, feel, look, sound, grow, seem, remain, become

    

        NOTE:  Most linking verbs can also be used as action verbs.

    
           

Action verbs may be either transitive or intransitive.

A.  A transitive verb is one that is followed by a direct object.

  Example: 

 
        

B.  An intransitive verb is one that is NOT followed by a direct object.

   Example:
  

              

Caution:  An intransitive verb may be followed by adjectives, adverbs, and/or prepositional phrases.  As long as the verb is not followed by a noun or pronoun functioning as the direct object, the verb is intransitive.

   Example:   

   

          

NOTE:  Some action verbs may be either transitive or intransitive.

  Example:  (left) 

        
       

          Another example (read):                   

            
             
         

Verbs have three moods:  indicative, imperative, and subjunctive.

A. The indicative mood states a fact, asks a question, or exclaims.

          

B. The imperative mood gives a command.  The subject is always "you" understood.

         

C. The subjunctive mood occurs in two instances:

1. The sentence indicates a situation contrary to fact.

         

2. The sentence

shows a wish, desire, or demand

in a nominal clause beginning with that

following verbs such as desire, demand, request, suggest

           

ADJECTIVES

Traditionally, adjectives are defined as words that describe nouns or pronouns.  When they describe nouns or pronouns, adjectives typically answer the following questions:

What kind?             Which one?             How many?

For example, in the phrase

Tall is an adjective describing the noun man.

Tall answers the question "which man?" or "what kind of man?"

Similarly, in the phrase,

Easy is an adjective describing the noun assignment.

Easy answers the question, "what kind of assignment?"

  

Adjectives are usually placed before the nouns they describe, as in the examples, tall man and easy assignment, above.

Thus, one may identify an adjective by using the following word-order test:

*

*

Adjectives may also follow the noun they describe.

Example:

                          

Finally, adjectives may follow a verb of being or a linking verb, thus completing the noun subject

Examples

Like nouns, adjectives are often recognizable by their suffixes.

Endings such as  -ous   -ful  -ish  -able    usually designate adjectives.

Examples:

                             

Comparative and superlative forms

Single-syllable adjectives use -er and -est endings to designate comparative and superlative forms:

Examples:

                      

Adjectives of two or more syllables use more and most for comparative and superlative forms.

Examples:

                          

Note:	Two-syllable adjectives ending in -y may also use the -er / -est endings to designate comparative and superlative.
Examples:

                     

Note:  the following adjectives do not follow the regular rules for forming comparative and superlative forms: good, bad, little, ill. 

          

To create negative comparative and superlative forms, use
less  for –er	and	least for –est

             Examples:

               

 

Noun Functions - Exercise 1 

Directions:  In each box provided, identify the function of the underlined noun (or pronoun, or adjective) as one of the following:
 subject                                   direct object                                  indirect object                    appositive            
objective complement          subjective complement                object of preposition        
When you have completed the exercise, click on the "Check My Answers" button to see the answer key. 

1. All of my  life, I wanted  a degree in  English from a good university.

     life 

    degree 

    English 

    university 

2. The chief of police told the reporter the facts of the case.

    chief 

    police 

    reporter 

    facts 

    case 

3. The distraught man sought satisfaction for the brutal murder of his wife.

           man 
            satisfaction 
            murder 
            wife  

4. It seems that most of the residents of California consider the new governor a capable leader.

    most 

    residents 

    California 

    governor 

    leader 

5. The voters gave the president a mandate for his next term.

     voters 

     president 

     mandate 

     term 

6. After an unexpected hostile takeover,  Jones  a programmer from the lower ranks,  became the CEO of Computer Planet, Inc.

     takeover 

    Jones 

    programmer 

    ranks 

    CEO 

    Computer Planet, Inc. 

7. Andy Herbert, a computer wizard, was snatched up right after graduation for a job with the government.

     Andy Herbert 

    wizard 

    graduation 

    job 

    government 

8. CSI’s  audience can watch the dissection of corpses by experts in the field of forensic science.

     audience 

    dissection 

    corpses 

    experts 

    field

    science 

9. At the Olympics, Michael Phelps won gold medals in a variety of swimming events.

    Olympics 

    Michael Phelps 

    medals 

    variety 

    events 

10. Fortunately,  the student  in McEldery's class was a brilliant mathematician.

          student 
        class 
        mathematician 

Noun Functions - Exercise 2 

Directions:  In each box provided, identify the function of the underlined noun (or pronoun, or adjective) as one of the following:
 subject                                   direct object                                  indirect object                    appositive            
objective complement          subjective complement                object of preposition        
When you have completed the exercise, click on the "Check My Answers" button to see the answer key.  
1.  The jury found the defendant guilty.
jury 
defendant 
guilty 
2.  What is Joe doing on his birthday?
What 
Joe 
birthday 
3.  On the day after tomorrow, we will hand Jerry, the winner, the keys to his new car.
day 
tomorrow 
we 
Jerry 
winner 
keys 
car 
4.  The screen on my monitor seems dull.
screen 
monitor 
dull 
5.  The committee elected MacKenzie its new CEO.
committee 
MacKenzie
CEO 
6.  Smith is a good friend to Jones.
Smith 
friend 
Jones 
7.  In the driveway sat two old   cars.
driveway 
cars 
8.  My cousin Jerry prides himself on his collection of ancient marbles.
cousin 
Jerry 
himself 
collection 
marbles 
9.  Bertrand may be nice, but he  is also my enemy.
Bertrand 
nice 
he 
enemy 
10. The Great Gatsby is my favorite novel by Fitzgerald.
The Great Gatsby 
novel 
Fitzgerald 

Verbs of Being, Linking Verbs, and Action Verbs

Directions:  Identify the subject and predicate for each sentence.  Then identify the verb type as linking, action, or being.

Type your answers into the boxes below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to check your answers.

Note:  Include auxiliary (helping) verbs when identifying predicates.

1.  After several days in bed, Alice felt much better.

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2.  Manny tasted the wine in its cup.

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3.  Children often look cute in their Halloween costumes.

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4.  Each person felt the soft fur on the rabbit.

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5.  I have looked everywhere for the key to the basement.

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6.  The post man is early today.

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7.  Quasimodo sounded the bells for the last time.

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8.  Does Quasimodo feel up to par today?

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9.  The four people remained in the hotel until May.

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10. Where have you been?

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11. Every summer we grow several rows of tomato plants.

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12.  An angel appeared on the horizon.

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13.  Jim has grown taller in the last year.

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14.  Your essay on the civil war was too long.

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15.  Could you be a little earlier for the next meeting?

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Verbs of Being, Linking Verbs, and Action Verbs - Exercise 2

Directions:  Identify the subject and predicate for each sentence.  Then identify the verb type as linking, action, or being.

Type your answers into the boxes below the sentence. When you are finished, click  the "Check My Work" button at the bottom of the page to check your answers.

Note:  Include auxiliary (helping) verbs when identifying predicates.

1.  Did John look handsome in that picture?

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2.  Despite the excitement all around her, the young gymnast remained calm.

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3.  Four students in Mr. Brown's art history class borrowed books on Monet from the library.

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4.  We were spending too much money on silly things.

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5.  We smelled the smoke at least an hour before the actual fire.

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6.  The manual for the stereo will be in the drawer next to the TV.

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7.  The woman in the red dress looked absolutely beautiful.

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8.  Did you buy that piece of jewelry for me?

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9.  The artist has been at her studio since 11 a.m.

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10. Where are you going?

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11. The baker has been making specialty cakes for years.

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12.  Bill had appeared sad earlier in the day.

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13.  I have looked everywhere for my lost keys.

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14.  The plant will grow most easily in a very sunny spot.

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15.  Will you be staying with us overnight?

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